Digestion & Disease
One of the first things to go in a poor digestive environment is the balance of healthy gut flora in the intestines. Poor digestive function depletes the body of nutrients that support health, particularly zinc, tyrosine, selenium and vitamins A, B12 and D. Constipation from poor GI health makes it difficult for the body to eliminate unneeded hormones, so estrogen accumulates which can lead to estrogen dependent cancers or growths (uterine fibroids and especially breast cancer). The depletion of Vitamin D can lead to depression and hormonal imbalance. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological damage, dementia, alzheimers and anemia.
Stomach Acid
Hypochlorhydria, a condition in which the stomach produces to little stomach acid, can cause many problems. Having to little stomach acid may sound like a dream to someone with acid reflux, which is often the intention of certain medications used to treat that problem. Yet when food is not digested by sufficient stomach acid, it putrefies, ferments and becomes rancid. This delays the stomach from emptying its contents into the small intestine and can cause heartburn symptoms (often acid reflux is not caused by an abundance of stomach acid, rather a deficiency). As food makes it’s way through the digestive tract, due to the lack of acidity, it does not stimulate the gallbladder to secrete bile or emulsify fats. It also does not stimulate the pancrease to secrete digestive enzymes for further digestion. The continuous inflammation and irritation, causes further inflammation and “leaky gut syndrome,” or “intestinal permeability.”
Leaky Gut Syndrome
“Leaky Gut Syndrome,” or “Intestinal Permeability” is a process that is becoming more widely understood in Western medical circles. The terms are used to describe what happens when our intestines become hyper-permeable, allowing food particles not intended to pass through the gut barrier to escape into our blood circulation.
Leaky gut syndrome begins with aggravation. Trauma, medications that alter gut flora (especially antibiotics and birth control pills) poor food choices, and constant stress are just a few of the assailants that can weaken the digestion system. As wear and tear ensues, pores enlarge on the intestinal tract allowing undigested food particles (enzymes, bacteria elaborated toxins, immuno-stimulating peptides, and other unwanted substances) to pass through the intestinal lining and into the bloodstream.
The constant onslaught of foreign bodies from the digestive system into the blood stream trick off the immune system. The immune system goes into overdrive to fight off invaders. The body becomes systemically inflamed. This is where many auto-immune diseases can be born (more on this later). Adult food allergies can develop, as well as nutritional mal-absorption, chronic fatigue, candidas, autism and child-hood allergies, as well as a host of other problems and deficiencies.
Adult Food Allergies
An allergy occurs when a person’s immune system identifies something as an invader and attacks it. When digestion permeability is involved, an allergy develops because of weakened digestion. Food particles able to cross through the intestinal wall provoke an immune response. Eventually, whenever a person consumes the offender she experiences a reaction.
If she eats the offender frequently, she may not notice or even think of a correlation. Symptoms can include chronic fatigue, skin problems (eczema, acne, dry skin) irritability, brain fog, unexplained weight gain/inability to lose/gain weight, anxiety, and other mental or emotional disturbances.
Autoimmune Diseases
Hippocrates said that all disease begins in the gut, and faulty digestion is believed to be the leading cause of autoimmune disease. Gastrointestinal dysfunctions are the most overlooked and exceedingly common disorders today, affecting about 70 million Americans. We spend billions in annual sales of over-the-counter digestive aids. While these drugs can offer immediate relief, the underlying causes of the dysfunction go ignored, and often people end up with worse problems down the road.
Since most the immune system is situated in the digestive tract, a problematic gut leads to a problematic immune system. Because the lining of the digestive tract is an important immune barrier, poor gut health is a significant factor in triggering autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmune disease occurs when the body’s natural defense system makes a mistake, and sees an enemy when there is none, or hyper-responds to a minor insult. Normally, the immune system can distinguish between the body’s own cells and cellular debris and foreign invaders. In autoimmune disease the ability to discern breaks down, and the person’s own body is attacked.
In rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system attacks and inflames the joints. In psoriasis, the skin is attacked and causes redness and inflammation. In graves and hashimoto’s disease the thyroid is attacked. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s the digestive tract becomes the site of immune hyperactivity.
Repairing the Gut
We carry approximately four pounds of healthy bacteria in our colons. When diets are poor, trauma occurs, medications are taken, dysbiosis (an overabundance of bad bacteria) occurs crowding out the beneficial bacteria and impede our health.
A healthy GI tract is a tightly woven mesh of tissue that does not allow the absorption of bacteria, harmful foods, or undigested food particles into the bloodstream.
In cases of leaky gut, the first step of repair begins with removing all possible offenders from the diet that are provoking an immune response until the gut is healed. An elimination/provocation diet can help you sort through which are the offenders. Ideally, your holistic health practitioner will help you identify the culprits. Unfortunately, these foods are typically people’s favorites, such as cheese, bread, pasta, corn, eggs, milk and gluten.
Samprapti
“Rogastu dosha vaishamya dosha samyamam arogata”
“Doshic imbalance is the foundation cause of the disease process in the body and balancing the doshas, according to the individuals constitution, will not allow this foundation to develop.” –Charaka
For students and practitioners of Ayurveda theses concepts are familiar news, and the theory of “leaky gut,” is quite exact in it’s comparison to the Ayurvedic theory called “Samprapti” which is the pathogensis of disease through six distinct stages.
Sanchaya (Accumulation of Dosha)
Prakopa (Vitiation of Dosha)
Prasara (Spreading of Dosha)
Sthansamshraya (Localization of Dosha)
Vyakta (Stage of clinical manifestation)
Bheda (stage of complications of diseases)
The first stage, Sanchaya occurs in the gut, with the ingestion of incompatible foods, or other irritants combined with ama (toxins) and weak agni (digestive fire). The accumulations excites the dosha(s) from their natural state, irritating the gut lining intiating the second stage prakopa, which cause the third stage, prasara, spreading of the doshas out of their ‘homes,’ (as the case when toxins/food stuffs travel through the blood stream). Sthansamshraya, begins to occur when the dosha relocates, for example in rheumatoid arthritis the toxin relocates to the joints, with psoriasis the toxin relocates to the skin, etc. Vyakta, the disease is now seen and/or experienced. Bheda is the final stage of complication. Disease gets progressively more difficult through each stage.
The Elimination/Provocation Diet
For a minimum of two weeks, but ideally three weeks STRICTLY eliminate the following:
- Gluten
- Dairy
- Eggs
- Corn
- Soy
- Yeast
These are the most common foods that cause problems for people. However, there may be additional offenders. For example nuts and grains can be a problem for many people. After two weeks, you will reintroduce each food into your diet, one at a time. Wait at least 72 hours before reintroducing the next food. Do not introduce more than one food at a time. Keep a journal during this period to track symptoms.
Reactions vary from person to person, so keep a journal and pay close attention to what is happening physically, psychologically, and emotionally.
Some typical reactions include but are not limited to:
- Skin eruptions, exczema, acne
- Fatigue
- Joint Pain
- Digestive complaints (indigestion, bloating, gas, heartburn, constipation, diarrhea)
- Lung or nasal congestion
- Anxiety
- Moodiness or Irritability
- Headaches
- Cold Sores
In order to heal the gut or related imbalance(s) and/or disease, you will need to eliminate the problem foods from y our diet. It is possible after some concerted gut repair that you may be able to reintroduce many of these foods into your diet.
While you remove the possible offender, you will also want to treat any yeast overgrowth. In Ayurveda, we consider Candidas (yeast overgrowth) as a parasite, and any other harmful bacteria overgrowths. Some herbs which may be helpful include asafetida, vidanga, neem, pippali, ginger, ajwan, guggul, pau d’arco, slippery elm, black walnut hull, garlic and oregano oil. Please work with a qualified health practitioner to guide you on appropriate dosing and doshic concerns.
It is also important to use ample probiotics to introduce the gut with beneficial bacteria. It is important to stage when you take the probiotic with when you take the herbs to help kill harmful bacteria so that you don’t kill the good probiotics. Of course, there are many probiotic pills on the market. It is also possible to buy quality yogurts, but I strongly encourage making probiotic drinks such as kefir or coconut water kefir. In Ayurveda, we drink lassi and also take curd to help with gut flora.
Hydrochloric acid supplementation taken during meals can help the stomach’s own acid production to thoroughly digest proteins and ease the burden on GI system. If vata, type hypoglycemia is an issue, it will be important to balance blood-sugar by eating several small protein rich meals. This will help to support gallbladder clearance and liver detoxification. In addition, herbs such as manjista, bhumyamamalaki, coriander, milk thistle, anatumal, dandelion, guduchi, and burdock roots can help clear the digestion and blood of any toxic excesses. I also suggest supplementation with digestive enzymes to help the pancreas with any deficient digestion secretions.
Repairing the gut is often a long road, but the reward for returned quality of life is invaluable. It is important to work with a qualified practitioner who can help guide you through the process. Vata-types often have the most sensitivities and complicated digestion problems to heal.